PhD in Public Policy & Administration
Graduate Virtual Open House: October 18–28
Registration is open for the Columbian College of Arts and Sciences (CCAS) Graduate Virtual Open House! The online event includes program-specific information sessions and opportunities to engage with current graduate students, faculty and our admissions team.
The Trachtenberg School is hosting information sessions for prospective graduate students on Tuesday, October 19, and Wednesday, October 20.
Choose Your Own Adventure
Whether you want to pursue a career in academia or demonstrate mastery of the competencies needed to undertake sophisticated research in public policy and public administration, the Trachtenberg School will prepare you. Graduates pursue careers in teaching and research and as policy researchers and analysts in government and the private sector. Some hold administrative positions in these sectors and many are closely involved in the development and evaluation of public policies.
Pick Your Timeframe
Most doctoral students already have a graduate degree and significant experience in a policy-related environment. Many students are mid-career professionals. As such, the Trachtenberg School offers the PhD to both full-time and part-time students. The program is an intense experience, but many students appreciate the opportunity to study along with other pursuits.
Succeed
A PhD from the Trachtenberg School will help you engage a multidisciplinary approach to develop the range of competencies needed to undertake sophisticated research in public policy and public administration. The Trachtenberg School’s PhD is designed to help you master subjects in multiple academic disciplines, including politics, economics and quantitative and/or qualitative methods in policy research. Approximately one-quarter of the Trachtenberg School’s PhD students come from outside the United States.
Course Requirements
The following requirements must be fulfilled:
The general requirements stated under Columbian College of Arts and Sciences, Graduate Programs.
The requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy Program.
Completion of 72 credits beyond the baccalaureate or a minimum of 45 credits beyond the master's degree. Students who have completed graduate coursework judged to satisfy program requirements may be granted advanced standing of up to 24 credits toward the overall 72 credits required for the PhD.
Students must maintain a minimum grade-point average of 3.3 to remain in the program.
| Code | Title | Credits |
|---|---|---|
| Required | ||
| Core Courses | ||
| PPPA 6014 | Microeconomics for Public Policy II * | |
| PPPA 8100 | Seminar: Literature of Public Administration * | |
| PPPA 8101 | Research Methods * | |
| PPPA 8105 | Public Finance and Human Capital | |
| PPPA 8174 | Seminar: Public Management | |
| PPPA 8190 | Philosophical Foundations of Policy and Administrative Research | |
| PSC 8229 | Politics and Public Policy * | |
| One of the following to fulfill the intermediate quantitative course requirement: | ||
| DNSC 6274 | Statistical Modeling and Analysis | |
| ECON 8375 | Econometrics I | |
| ECON 8379 | Laboratory in Applied Econometrics | |
| PPPA 6013 | Econometrics for Policy Research I * | |
| PSC 8102 | Empirical Political Analysis | |
| One of the following to fulfill the advanced quantitative course requirement: | ||
| DNSC 6275 | Advanced Statistical Modeling and Analysis | |
| ECON 8376 | Econometrics II | |
| ECON 8377 | Econometrics III | |
| PPPA 8022 | Econometrics for Policy Research II | |
| One of the following to fulfill the qualitative course requirement: | ||
| EDUC 8122 | Qualitative Research Methods | |
| EDUC 8131 | Case Study Research Methods | |
| HIST 6030 | History and Its Uses in International Affairs | |
| PPPA 8023 | Mixed Methods in Research Design | |
| PSC 8104 | Qualitative Research Methods | |
| PUBH 8417 | Qualitative Research Methods and Analysis | |
| SOC 6232 | Qualitative Methodology: Doing Field Research | |
| A written qualifying examination covering designated core courses. * | ||
| A minimum of 12 credits in one of the following fields: | ||
| Education policy; budgeting and public finance; program evaluation; science and technology policy; public and nonprofit management; and social policy. ** | ||
| Dissertation research | ||
| PPPA 8191 | Dissertation Workshop | |
| PPPA 8999 | Dissertation Research (taken for 6 to 12 credits) | |
*Course is covered by the core comprehensive examination.
**The social policy field has four subfields, each with specific requirements: gender and social policy, poverty and inequality, ethnicity and public policy, and urban policy.
PhD Fields of Study
Students enter the PhD program with the intention of completing specialized research in one of the following fields of study:
This field is designed for students who desire a greater depth and breadth of knowledge about those issues surrounding taxation, public expenditure and the management of financial resources. The field generally draws on several intellectual traditions including economics, political science, accounting and public administration. As a student who successfully completes this field of study, you will be prepared to teach a wide variety of general courses in budgeting and public finance, and will have a solid understanding of the research questions and methodologies that have defined this field.
Field Advisors
Curriculum
Students in the Public Budgeting and Finance Policy field must complete four courses; one required core course, and three additional courses selected in consultation with the field advisor of which one course should be a doctoral-level course in accounting, economics, finance, public policy and public administration, or political science. Courses offered in the MBA Program, and in the M.A. in Applied Economics may be substituted for the required doctoral level course with advisor approval.
Public Budgeting and Finance Core
PPPA 6005: Public Budgeting, Expenditure and Revenue Analysis (or equivalent)
PPPA 6015: Benefit-Cost Analysis
Public Budgeting and Finance Accounting, Economics or Political Science Electives
*Nonexhaustive list; other courses may be selected with advisor approval.
ACCY 6701: Government and Nonprofit Accounting and Auditing
ECON 6305: Applied Macroeconomic Theory
ECON 6323: Applied Behavioral Economics
ECON 6330: Applied Macroeconomic and Monetary Policy
PHIL 6231: Economic Justice
PPPA 6015: Benefit-Cost Analysis
PPPA 6016: Public and Nonprofit Program Evaluation
PPPA 6048: Financing State and Local Government
PPPA 6052: Tax Policy
PPPA 6053: Financial Management for Public, Nonprofit and Health Organizations
PPPA 6054: Federal Budget Policy
PPPA 6055: Contracting Out and Privatization
Comprehensive Field Examination
The field examination in Public Budgeting and Finance is administered as a take-home exam (open book, open note) over a 48-hour period. The examination consists of two parts. One part is made up of questions based on a list of general topics and readings provided by the faculty examiners which is common to all students taking the examination. These general topics will include material from PPPA 8105 and PPPA 8174 in addition to material from the field core and selected field electives. The second part is based on a list of individualized topics and readings developed by each student being examined, which is approved by the examiners. Examples of possible individual topics are fiscal decentralization/federalism; state and local tax policy; performance budgeting, public private partnerships and uses of the tax system for social purposes.
Education and training policies play an important role in the economic and social wellbeing of local communities, states and nations. From preschool to graduate school, improving the quality of education is a priority for policymakers worldwide. The education policy track draws on multidisciplinary tools from economics, education, philosophy, political science, psychology and sociology to train researchers and practitioners to: identify education policy problems and opportunities, develop policy alternatives, analyze their costs and benefits, influence policy decisions, plan and guide the implementation of new policies, and evaluate the impacts of education programs and policies.
Field Advisors
Curriculum
Students in the Education Policy field must complete two required core courses, plus two additional courses in methods and topics chosen in consultation with their advisor.
Education Policy Core
EDUC 8321: Economics of Education
EDUC 8322: Education Policy Implementation
Education Policy Topics
ECON 8341/42: Labor Economics
ECON 8351/52: Development Economics I
ECON 8358: Urban Economics
ECON 8363/64: Public Finance I
EDUC 6555: Higher Education Policy
EDUC 8320: Politics of Education
EDUC 8323: Policies of Education Equity
EDUC 8325: Policy Design — Education Accountability
EDUC 8340: Methods of Policy Analysis in Education
PPPA 6081: Poverty & Social Policy
PPPA 6048: Financing State & Local Government
PPPA 6049: Urban and Regional Policy Analysis
PPPA 6054: Issues in Federal Budgeting
PSC 8286: U.S. Social Policy
Education Policy Methods
ECON 6291: Methods of Demographic Analysis
ECON 6300: Mathematical Methods for Economics
ECON 8375: Econometrics I
ECON 8379: Applied Econometrics Lab (micro version)
PSC 8122: Longitudinal Analysis
PSC 8124: Multilevel Modeling
PSC 8130: Game Theory I
PSC 8131: Game Theory II
PPPA 6015: Benefit-Cost Analysis
Comprehensive Field Examination
Upon completion of coursework in the field, students take a comprehensive field exam involving two parts:
-
Content from the core education policy field courses
- Content from field electives that typically focus on one of the following areas (area is chosen in consultation with your advisor and will be based loosely on topics covered in your field electives):
- Early childhood education
- Elementary and secondary education
- Higher education
- Education finance
- Education inequality
- Economics of education
The Program Evaluation field is designed for Ph.D. students who wish to develop both quantitative and qualitative research skills that may be applied to analyze and assess the performance of public and nonprofit programs. As a student in this field, you will be exposed to research methods from multiple disciplines that will prepare you for program evaluation and performance auditing professions.
Field Advisors
Curriculum
Students in the Program Evaluation field must complete two required core courses, plus two additional courses in methods and topics chosen in consultation with their advisor.
Program Evaluation Core (covered on field exam)
PPPA 6016: Public and Nonprofit Program Evaluation OR
PPPA 6085-14: Advanced Topics in Impact Evaluation
PPPA 8164: Seminar on Program Evaluation
Program Evaluation Electives (choose 2)
ANTH 6331: Research Methods in Development Anthropology
DNSC 6275: Advanced Statistical Modeling and Analysis
HSML 6276: Exploratory and Multivariate Data Analysis
ECON 8375: Econometrics I
ECON 8376: Econometrics II
EDUC 8122: Qualitative Research Methods
PPPA 6015: Benefit-Cost Analysis
PPPA 8023: Mixed Methods in Research Design
SOC 6232: Qualitative Methodology: Doing Field Research
STAT 6287: Modern Theory of Sample
STAT 6291: Methods of Demographic Analysis
STAT 8265: Multivariate Analysis
STAT 8266: Topics in Multivariate Analysis
STAT 8281: Advanced Time Series Analysis
STAT 8288: Surveys
This field is for Ph.D. students with a generalist’s orientation towards conducting research on complex problems in public policy and administration. Students specializing in this field may carry out research on a variety of themes such as public and nonprofit management, and issues that lie at the intersection of traditional fields such as social policy, program evaluation, public budgeting and finance, education policy, health policy, and public administration.
The purpose of completing the field coursework is two-fold:
- To develop an overarching and integrated perspective on public and nonprofit management
- To develop theoretical knowledge and methodological competencies that will be useful in conducting scholarly research in public and nonprofit management.
Students who have not already completed a Master of Public Administration/Policy (MPA/MPP) degree, either at The George Washington University or at another university, will be expected to complete selected MPA/MPP core courses before taking more advanced coursework in this field.
In this field, the field advisors will work with you on an individual basis in identifying the appropriate coursework. Although most of your coursework will consist of public policy and administration courses, you may also include courses from other GW departments as well as courses at other universities participating in the Consortium of Washington Area Universities upon consultation with your advisor.
Field Advisors
Curriculum
Students are required to take 4 field courses — The field has one required course and three elective courses.
Required: PPPA 8164: Seminar in Program Evaluation Doctoral seminar on theory and practice in public and nonprofit program evaluation
The choice of elective field courses should be guided by the field coursework purpose. Given the scope of Public and Nonprofit Management, both in academe and in practice, we do not offer a closed master-list for choosing field elective courses. Rather, students must abide by the following guidelines:
- Student should consult with an appropriate field advisor about field electives and communicate the agreement about field courses to all field advisors (e-mail is sufficient). If this plan gets updated, changes in plan should be communicated as well.
- For the consultation meeting with one of the field advisors, student should prepare a list of candidate courses. This list should be prepared with the following criteria in mind:
- The proposed list should be made of doctoral courses (review doctoral seminars offered by other fields in the doctoral program, doctoral courses offered at Washington Metropolitan Area Consortium schools/programs, as well as doctoral-level methods courses. Other departments and programs may also have relevant courses.)
- If a Masters-level course is proposed, students need to propose and obtain prior approval, from the instructor of the course, for additional assignments/activities that will make it a worthwhile doctoral elective.
- Elective courses may be used to take methodologically-oriented courses that will prepare you to carry out dissertation research.
- Students may also use elective course for directed readings courses with faculty they want to request to serve as their dissertation director. Students are, of course, encouraged to consider doing directed readings with other Trachtenberg School faculty as well.
Comprehensive Field Examination
Purpose:
The purpose of the field examination is to assess student preparedness to undertake dissertation research in public and nonprofit management. Students are encouraged to seek faculty guidance and feedback on ways in which the field examination can advance their dissertation interests.
Coverage:
Students are expected to have a deep knowledge of material covered in core courses, field courses, and academic literature relevant to student’s dissertation research interests. Further, students are expected to stay current and be conversant with the scholarly peer-reviewed literature in their field of study.
Field Advisors
The Science and Technology Policy field focuses on the interactions among scientific development, technological change, and governmental and private-sector activities at the domestic and international levels. This field of study trains students to understand and manage issues at the intersection of science, technology, industrial strategy and structure, and government policy. The field emphasizes a comparative approach to science and technology policy, founded on the twin poles of in-depth understanding of domestic policies and continuous coverage of policy developments around the world. Faculty from the Elliott School's Institute for International Science and Technology Policy and Space Policy Institute manage and advise this field of study. As a student, you will have frequent opportunities for involvement in the activities of these institutes and for collaboration with Elliott School students who are pursuing International Science and Technology Policy MA and certificate programs. For more information, please visit the Institute for International Science and Technology Policy's Academics page.
Curriculum
Students in the Science and Technology Policy field are required to take 4 field courses — 2 are core requirements and 2 are electives.
Science and Technology Policy Core
IAFF 6141: International Science and Technology Policy Cornerstone
IAFF 6158: Science, Tech, and Policy Analysis OR
IAFF 6085: Seminar in Science and Technology Policy [offered every 2-3 years]
Science and Technology Policy Electives
Students may also propose other courses of relevance to their designated specialization. Such courses may be offered by the Columbian College of Arts and Sciences (Economics, Political Science), the School of Business (Strategic Management and Public Policy, International Business), the School of Engineering (Engineering Management), and others. Proposed courses will be evaluated by the Program Director.
IAFF 6158/ECON 6255: Economics of Technological Change
IAFF 6145: U.S. Space Policy
IAFF 6146/LAW 6548: Space Law
IAFF 6148: Space and National Security
IAFF 6151: Environmental Policy
IAFF 6152: Energy Policy
IAFF 6153: Science, Technology & National Security
IAFF 6143: Science and Technology Policy Analysis
IAFF 6158: Special Topics in International Science and Technology Policy (Issues in Space Policy)
IAFF 6158: Special Topics in International Science and Technology Policy (Space Economics)
IAFF 6158: Special Topics in International Science and Technology Policy (Science Diplomacy)
IAFF 6158: Special Topics in International Science and Technology Policy (Artificial Intelligence and Nonproliferation)
PPPA 6006: Policy Analysis
Comprehensive Field Examination
Upon completion of coursework in the field, students will take a comprehensive field exam. The exam is offered once or twice in an academic year, following a petition from students. The examination relies on the content of the science and technology policy field core courses (cornerstone, capstone, and seminar) and the field electives. In addition, the exam will reflect the specific courses taken by the student and their individual areas of interest. We write an exam that reflects the courses taken by the student and their individual areas of interest. Expectations for students during the examination include:
-
Staying current and being conversant with the scholarly peer-reviewed literature and important gray literature (i.e. literature produced by different governmental and non-governmental bodies such as relevant federal agencies, the World Bank, Brookings, Rand, EU, OECD, UN Agencies, etc.).
- Discussion should go beyond the readings covered in class.
- Mastery of course material, a demonstrated command of major concepts and literature in the field, and an ability to think beyond concepts directly covered in classes.
The format of the exam is as follows:
- Take home, open book, open notes exam.
- Two sections (select three of four questions in each section):
- One on Science and Technology policy theory
- One on specific areas of interest
- Time frame – three days
Two graders read each answer and confer on a final grade. One of the two graders is related to the specific area of interest of the student.
The Social Policy field of study offers students the opportunity to study how the actions and decisions of government within the contexts of gender, ethnicity, or urban settings influence the wellbeing of individuals and of society, with a particular focus on poverty and income inequality. Most public policy discussions-local, national, or international-include explicit or implicit assumptions about gender, race and location. Scholarship across various disciplines has demonstrated the importance of studying the interconnections among gender, race, class, and other forms of social inequality. Conflicts associated with these topics affect all institutions and social interactions of every type, and frequently dominate a range of policy debates.
Drawing on interdisciplinary theories and methodologies, as a student in this field, you will gain a broad understanding of: historical trends in poverty and inequality, scholarship illuminating the causes of consequences of poverty and inequality, the current landscape of social welfare programs (defined broadly), and the politics of poverty and inequality in America. In addition, students choose an area of specialization from the following: (a) gender and social policy, (b) race, ethnicity, and public policy, or (c) urban policy. This specialization provides a theoretical lens for examining social policy.
Curriculum
Students in the Social Policy field must complete one common field course, required courses in their area of specialization, and one or more additional courses selected from electives suggested for that specialization or other courses chosen with advisor approval, to equal a total of 12 credits in the field.
Social Policy Core Requirement
PSC 8286: U.S. Social Policy (or advisor-approved alternative)
Gender and Social Policy Specialization
Field Advisors
Curriculum
Along with the Social Policy field core course, students in the Gender and Social Policy specialization must complete two specialization core courses and one additional elective.
Gender and Social Policy Cor
WGSS 6221: Research Issues in Women’s, Gender and Sexuality Studies
WGSS 6240: Gender and Public Policy
Gender and Social Policy Electives
AMST/HIST/WGSS 6431: Gender, Sexuality and American Culture
ANTH 6501/WGSS 6257: Gender and Sexuality
PHIL/WGSS 6238: Feminist Ethics and Policy Implications
SOC/WGSS 6268: Race, Gender, and Class
SOC/WGSS 6271: Gender and Society
WGSS 6220: Fundamentals of Feminist Theory
WGSS: 6225: Contemporary Feminist Theory
WGSS 6230: Global Feminisms
WGSS 6241: Gender, Law, and Politics
WGSS 6265: Women, Welfare, and Poverty
WGSS 6283: Practicum in Women’s, Gender and Sexuality Studies
Comprehensive Field Exam
The Purpose of the field exam in Gender and Social Policy is for students to demonstrate proficiency in the major themes, methods, and debates in the field. It provides an opportunity for students to confirm the breadth and depth of their knowledge and their readiness to make an original contribution to the field.
In consultation with the field advisors, each student develops 3 reading lists as follows:
- One list includes readings related to WSTU 6221: Research Issues in Women's/Gender Studies (a required field course) plus selected readings from other field courses that have influenced the student’s intellectual trajectory but do not appear on the other lists.
- The other two lists cover two substantive areas related to gender policy that best fit the student’s research interests and academic work in the field. One of these lists could be closely related to the student's expected dissertation topic. Both lists should include classic texts and current journal articles. While students are encouraged to include relevant readings from field courses, they should also move beyond coursework in their selections.
The exam is a take-home, open-book, essay exam that usually takes three days to complete. The questions are based on the reading lists. Students answer a total of three essay questions. Typically, in Part A, the student is presented with two questions and must choose one to answer. In Part B, the student is presented with three or four questions and must choose two to answer.
The student should write seven to 10 pages, double-spaced, for each essay. The essays should draw on the reading lists and do not require the student to go beyond those lists (though other materials are allowed).
Students may choose exam dates in consultation with the field advisors.
Race, Ethnicity and Public Policy Specialization
Field Advisors
Curriculum
Along with the Social Policy field core course, students in the Race, Ethnicity and Public Policy specialization must complete 2 specialization core courses and one additional elective.
Race, Ethnicity and Public Policy Core
SOC 6245: Race Relations
SOC 6248: Race and Urban Redevelopment
Race, Ethnicity and Public Policy Electives*
AMST/HIST 3350: U.S. Social History
HIST 3360: African American History
LAW 6595: Race, Racism and American Law
LAW 6596: Law of Race and Slavery
PSC 8211: Urban Politics
PSC 8212: Urban Policy Problems
PSYC 8236: Minorities and Mental Health
SOC 6250: Urban Sociology
SOC 6252: Special Topics (with approval)
SOC 6268: Race, Gender, and Politics
Comprehensive Field Exam
The comprehensive exam is based on materials covered in the two required field courses and the one elective field course as well as associated scholarly literatures. An initial reading list compiled by the student is reviewed and supplemented by the field advisors. The reading list should be submitted a minimum of 3 months prior to the date of the exam. Students are also asked to provide field advisors with a list of faculty from whom they have taken their field courses so questions can be solicited from those faculty. Field advisors then compile the exam. The format of the exam is a five-day, open book take-home consisting of 3 or 4 questions, with some choice factored in. Students will be provided with the questions at noon on Wednesday and be required to submit their answers by noon the following Monday. Answers typically range from 10-15 pages per question. Two readers evaluate each question and submit a single grade for each question they grade. Field advisors then submit a single grade for the exam.
Poverty and Inequality Specialization
Field Advisors
Curriculum
Along with the Social Policy field core course, students in the Poverty and Inequality specialization must complete the specialization core course and two additional field electives.
Poverty and Inequality Core
PPPA 6081: Poverty and Social Policy
Poverty and Inequality Electives (choose 2)
ECON 6330: Applied Macroeconomics and Money
ECON 6340: Applied Labor Economics and Public Policy
EDUC 8323: Policies of Education Equity
HIST 6011: History and Public Policy
LAW 6595: Race, Racism and American Law
LAW 6596: Law of Race and Slavery
PHIL 6230: Ethical Issues in Policy Arguments
PHIL 6231: Economic Justice
PHIL 6238: Feminist Ethics and Policy Implications
PHIL 6242: Philosophy, Law and Social Policy
PPPA 6015: Benefit-Cost Analysis
PPPA 6054: Issues in Federal Budgeting
PPPA 6065: Federalism and Public Policy
PPPA 6076: Federal Government Regulation of Society
PPPA 6085: Comparative Public Policy
PSC 8211: State and Urban Politics
PSC 8212: Urban Policy Problems
SOC 6250: Urban Sociology
SOC/WGSS 6265: Women, Welfare, and Poverty
SOC 6268: Race, Gender, and Class
WGSS 6240: Gender and Public Policy
Comprehensive Field Exam
No less than three months in advance of the desired date of the field examination, students should notify the field advisors of their intent to take the exam, as well as the relevant courses the student has taken. Exams are written take-home exams, tailored to student interest.
Urban Policy Specialization
Field Advisors
Curriculum
Along with the Social Policy field core course, students in the Urban Policy specialization must complete two specialization core courses and one additional elective.
Urban Policy Core
PPPA 6081: Poverty and Social Policy
PSC 8212: Urban Policy Problems
Urban Policy Electives (choose 2)
AMST 6495: Historic Preservation — Principles & Methods I
AMST 6520: Economics of Preservation
AMST 6525: Politics of Historic Preservation
ECON 8341: Labor Economics I
ECON 8342: Labor Economics II
ECON 8357: Regional Economics
ECON 8358: Urban Economics
ECON 8363: Public Finance I
ECON 8364: Public Finance II
EDUC 8323: Policies of Education Equity
GEOG 6243: Urban Geography Seminar
GEOG 6244: Seminar — Urban Sustainability
GEOG 6290: Principles of Demography
PPPA 6042: Managing State and Local Governments
PPPA 6043: Land Use Planning, and Community Development
PPPA 6048: Financing State and Local Government
PPPA 6051: Governmental Budgeting
PPPA 6054: Issues in Federal Budgeting
PPPA 6085: Homelessness
PSC 8211: Urban Politics
PSC 8388: Selected Topics in Comparative Politics
PSYC 8246: Personnel Evaluation Technology
SOC 6245: Race Relations
SOC 6248: Race and Urban Redevelopment
SOC 6250: Urban Sociology
SOC 6259: Criminology
SOC 6262: Corrections
SOC 6263: Race and Crime
Comprehensive Exam
No less than three months in advance of the desired date of the field examination, students should notify the field advisors of their intent to take the exam, as well as the relevant courses the student has taken. Exams are written take-home exams, tailored to student interests.
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